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2 三大基本原则：为实现人工智能造福人类，在人工智能开发和利用过程中应考虑的原则

原则: 国家人工智能道德准则, Dec 23, 2020

作者：The Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) and the Korea Information Society Development Institute (KISDI)

相关原则

· (1) Human centric

Utilization of AI should not infringe upon fundamental human rights that are guaranteed by the Constitution and international norms. AI should be developed and utilized and implemented in society to expand the abilities of people and to pursue the diverse concepts of happiness of diverse people. In the AI utilized society, it is desirable that we implement appropriate mechanisms of literacy education and promotion of proper uses, so as not to over depend on AI or not to ill manipulate human decisions by exploiting AI. AI can expand human abilities and creativity not only by replacing part of human task but also by assisting human as an advanced instrument. When using AI, people must judge and decide for themselves how to use AI. Appropriate stakeholders involved in the development, provision, and utilization of AI should be responsible for the result of AI utilization, depending on the nature of the issue. In order to avoid creating digital divide and allow all people to reap the benefit of AI regardless of their digital expertise, each stakeholder should take into consideration to user friendliness of the system in the process of AI deployment.

由 Cabinet Office, Government of Japan 在以人类为中心的人工智能的社会原则（Social Principles of Human centric AI）发表, Dec 27, 2018

6. Democracy

[QUESTIONS] How should AI research and its applications, at the institutional level, be controlled? In what areas would this be most pertinent? Who should decide, and according to which modalities, the norms and moral values determining this control? Who should establish ethical guidelines for self driving cars? Should ethical labeling that respects certain standards be developed for AI, websites and businesses? [PRINCIPLES] The development of AI should promote informed participation in public life, cooperation and democratic debate.

由 University of Montreal, Forum on the Socially Responsible Development of AI 在蒙特利尔人工智能负责任开发宣言（The Montreal Declaration for a Responsible Development of Artificial Intelligence）发表, Nov 3, 2017

8. Agile Governance

The governance of AI should respect the underlying principles of AI development. In promoting the innovative and healthy development of AI, high vigilance should be maintained in order to detect and resolve possible problems in a timely manner. The governance of AI should be adaptive and inclusive, constantly upgrading the intelligence level of the technologies, optimizing management mechanisms, and engaging with muti stakeholders to improve the governance institutions. The governance principles should be promoted throughout the entire lifecycle of AI products and services. Continuous research and foresight for the potential risks of higher level of AI in the future are required to ensure that AI will always be beneficial for human society.

由 National Governance Committee for the New Generation Artificial Intelligence, China 在新一代人工智能治理原则——发展负责任的人工智能（Governance Principles for the New Generation Artificial Intelligence Developing Responsible Artificial Intelligence）发表, Jun 17, 2019

· We will plan for a future in which AI systems become increasingly intelligent

1. Governance models should be developed for artificial general intelligence (AGI) and superintelligence 2. AGI and superintelligence, if developed, should serve humanity as a whole 3. Long term risks of AI should be identified and planned for 4. Recursively self improving AI development should be disclosed and tightly monitored and controlled for risk

由 Smart Dubai 在迪拜的人工智能原则（Dubai's AI Principles）发表, Jan 08, 2019

· We will promote human values, freedom and dignity

1. AI should improve society, and society should be consulted in a representative fashion to inform the development of AI 2. Humanity should retain the power to govern itself and make the final decision, with AI in an assisting role 3. AI systems should conform to international norms and standards with respect to human values and people rights and acceptable behaviour

由 Smart Dubai 在迪拜的人工智能原则（Dubai's AI Principles）发表, Jan 08, 2019